Preheat the oven to 180 degrees Celsius (350 Fahrenheit).
Add the soft butter with the granulated sugar to a mixing bowl, and use a hand mixer to beat them together until you get a creamy consistency.
Add the eggs one by one, beating well after every egg added.
Sift in the flour, add the baking powder and vanilla extract, and use a spatula to mix everything into a batter.
Butter a square baking tray ( mine is 24 cm / 9 inches in diameter and 5 cm / 2 inches in height) every well, including the walls of the tin, then spread the melted butter over the bottom of the tray.
Scatter the dark brown sugar over.
Cut the rhubarb stalks into sticks of 10 cm in length (4 inches) and arrange them over the sugar.
Spread the batter over the rhubarb, and pop the tray in the oven for 35 minutes or until a skewer inserted in the middle comes out clean.
Remove the tray from the oven, and allow it to cool down for 10 minutes.
Run a sharp knife around the edges of the sponge, place a plate on top of the sponge, and quickly flip it over so that the rhubarb is at the top and the sponge at the bottom of the plate.
Allow it to cool down completely before slicing.